Combustion engine



Sept. 20, 1932.

L1. BER-PIER ETAL' cduausiflou ENGINE Filed Fem}. .1929

INVENTORS.

ATTORNEY.

fixed position except when it is shifted at the regular time in the cycle; to provide simple and effective means for varying the time of ignition; to provide for the efficient pro- 2 du-ction of the new charge by the compres- Patented Sept. 20, 1932 LEO BERNER, OF SOUTH MILWAUKEE, AND PAUL LOHR, OF

PATENT FFICE MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN ooivnsusrrolv ENGINE Application filed February 4, 1929. Serial No. 337,281.

The invention relates to internal combustion engines. y i

The general object of the invention is to provide certain modifications and improve- 5 ments in the engine shown and described in our U. S. Patent N 0. 1,7 85,17 6 dated December 16, 1930. More particularly, this invention has among its objects to provide a yieldingly mounted head associated with an oscillatory 0 valve to insure an efficient seal between the valve and the parts with which it is associated to provide means in the form of a stationary.

plate between the valve and oscillatory cyl- 0 sion of the same into the space provided by the transfer passage and to insure its efficient introduction into the cylinder.

The invention further consists in the several features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

' In the drawing Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an engine embodying the invention, parts being shown in full and parts being broken away, said section being taken generally along the line 11 of Fig. 2;

2 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1, with the exhaust conduit omitted;

Fig. 3 is a detail view of certain of the parts showing the ignition timing control; Fig. 4 is a detail view taken along a radius line'4-4 of Fig. 1;

r Fig. 5 is a detail view of certain of the parts to illustrate the movement of the valve.

Fig. 6 is a detail vertical view through an engine embodying the invention.

lteferringtothe drawing the numeral 16 V a support for from opposite sides inder to insure maintaining the valve in a designates a fixed frame associated with the and its lower end is closed off by a cover plate 18 secured thereto by bolts 19 and provided with a tubular extension 3 A piston 35 is mounted to reciprocate in each cylinder and is provided with a piston rod 36 slidably mounted in said extension and operatively connected to the crank shaft 37' in any suitable manner, though the arrangement shown in our Patent No. 1,785,176 is preferred and is shown in Fig. 6. Thus the cylinder is caused to oscillate as the rod 36 is oscillated by the crank shaft, while at the same time said rod and piston is reciprocated relative to the engine cylinder.

A head 17 is yieldingly mounted relative to the fixed frame 16by springs 85 interposed between said head and the heads of bolts 84 upon which the flanged edges of the head are also slidably mounted. This head is provided with a cooling jacket space 43, exhaust ports 44, a mixture inlet space having a port 46 for each cylinder and an ignition chamber 47 having a port 47 for each cylinder of a pair. The exhaust ports 44 communicate with an exhaust conduit 48 secured to the head; the inlet space connects with a suitable carburettor (not shown) and a sparking ignition device 51 extends into the chamber 47.

The head of each cylinder 21, which is of semi-cylindrical formation. is provided with spaced exhaust ports 52 adapted to register with the exhaust ports 44 and with a port 53 movable into register with the port 47 at the proper time in the cycle of the engine. The inner side of the head 17 above each cylinder head is of a curvature conforming to that of the cylinder head.

A semi-cylindrical oscillatory valve 54, whose axis coincides with the axis of oscilla tion of the cylinder, is interposed between the head 17 and a semiscylindrical fixed plate 81. which is interposed between said valve and the cylinder head and is of a curvature conform ing to both these parts, these parts together with the head 17 being accurately fitted to gether and the spring 85 putting the desired pressure on the head to insure a close fit be twen these parts and thus preventing any chance for leakage between these curved sur-- faces. Each valve 54 has spaced exhaust ports 57 adapted to register with the exhaust ports 44 and 52, a port 58 adapted to reg-- ister with the ports 53 and 47 and a port 59 adapted to register with the port 46 at the proper time in the cycle of the engine.

The curved plate 81 is held in fixed position by blocks 87, one on each side and one being shown in Fig. 1, each of these blocks being mounted in a recess 88 provided in the head 17 and secured therein by a set screw 89. This curved plate 81 is provided with ports 80 adapted to register with the ports 52 and a port 82 adapted to register with the'ports 53 and 58 at the proper time in the engines cycle. As shown in Fig. 3 the port 82 is inclined and while said plate is relatively fixed, in that it does not move either with the cylinder head or the valve 54, it is adapted to be moved longitudinally relative to the cylinder to thereby change the time at which a through passage is obtained through the ports 53, 82, 58 and 47 and thus change the time at which gases 7 trapped in the space 47 are admitted into the cylinder to fire the charge. To move the.

- vide-d a screw 92 at each end of the head, one

curved plates 81 longitudinally we have probeing shown in Fig. 2, and spacer rods 93 be tween each screw and the adjacent plate and.

between adjacent plates with the result that when the'screw at one end of the cylinder is turned to move outwardly and the other then turned to move inwardly all the curved plates 81 will be moved longitudinally in the direc-. tion of movement of the inwardly moving.

screw. A reverse of this operation. causes the curved plates 81 to move in the opposite d1rection. Thus the shiftlng of the curved plates 81 causes the port 82 to alter its port opening.

position relative to the port 58 and thus vary the time at which these ports'come into register, as will be apparent from Fig. 3, and the direction of movement of the parts as shown by the arrows.

valves 54 they prevent the movement of the cylinders from moving said valves, except by 1 the proper by screws 90, and the curved plates 81 are re-- cessed as noted at 94m Figs. 1, 4 and 5 to per 7 mit free movement of said projections relative v to said curved plates 81. The projections 91 on oppositesides of the cylinder are alter nately engageable with the adjacent side edges of said'valve.

.he mixture inlet or transfer passage in each cylinder leads tothe space between the head or plate 18 and the back of the piston 35 and the scavenge ports 72 lead from said pas- As the curved plates 81, how-. ever, are fixed against oscillation and are interposed between the cylinder heads and the sage 65 into the cylinder and are uncovered by the piston at the end of its inward stroke, at which time the clearance between the piston and the bottom head 18 is a minimum so as to just prevent mechanical contact and thus all the compressed fuel charge is confined within the transfer passage 65 just before its entrance into the cylinder. In order to etliciently direct this charge into the cylinder from the sections of the transfer passage above and may be provided supplied with cooling liq uid in any suitable manner by flexible piping 95 connecting said jacket with the space 43.

The operation of the engine is similar to that of the Patent No. 1,785,176 hereinloefore mentioned and hence will be briefly referred to here. In Fig. 1 the piston 35 has completed its upward movement whereby a fresh charge has been drawn in through ports 46,

59' and 83 and passage 65 into'the cylinder behind the piston and the charge in the combustion chamber has been compressed, at which time the exhaust ports are in a lapped or closed position, the ports 47, 58, 82 and 53 are in alined or open position establishing communication between the ignition chamber 47 and the combustion chamber and the charge in said combustion chamber is being fired either by the spark plug 51 during starting or by heated products of combustioir trapped in said chamber during running. Assuming clockwise rotation on ignition of the charge, the piston moves downwardly in the cylinder under the'action of the expand ing gases, the cylinder is oscillated toward the right thereby causing the right hand projections '91 to engage and shift the valve 54 toward the left, which up to thistime has remained stationary. As the'valve 54 shifts to the left the port 59 moves out of register with the ports 46 and 83, whereupon compression of the new charge in the. space behind the piston and the transfer port 65 proceeds as the piston moves downward and the port 58 moves out of register with the ports 47 and 82, thereby trapping a certain amount of hot gases in'the chamber 47 for ignition of the nextcharge. The oscillation of the cylinder shifts the ports 52 out of register with the ports so that the shift of the valve 54 toward the left, even though causing the ports 57 to move into register with the ports 80, does not open the cylinder to the exhaust. As the piston continues to move downwardly, further compressing the new charge, the cylinder oscillates back to a vertical position, the valve 54 being then sta tionary, with the ignition chamber out off, and ports 52 then come into register with the ports 80 and 57 to allow the exhaust gases to escape at the time the piston has moved to uncover the ports 72. At this time the compressed new charge has passed from the space in back of the piston into the transfer passage 65 and thence through ports 72 into the cylinder, driving out the desired amount of residual gases and filling the cylinder with the new charge. As the piston starts on its compression or outward stroke the cylinder swings past its vertical position toward the left, whereupon the left hand projection 91 engages the valve 54: to move it back to the initial position shown in Fig. 1 while the ignition chamber is still cut off by the lapped position of the ports 52 and 57. As the piston continues to move upwardly compression of the charge is completed in front of it and induction of the new charge behind it through the registering of the transfer passage 65 with the port 83, while the cylinder swings back to the vertical position shown in Fig. 1.

We desire it to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to any specific form or arrangement of parts except insofar as such limitations are included in the claims.

What We claim as our invention is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an oscillatory cylinder having a semi-cylindrical head having a port therein, an outer head having a curved surface similar to that of said head and provided with a port, a semi-cylindrical valve between said heads and of like curvature and having a port, spring means for yieldingly pressing said outer head against said valve, and means for intermittently actuating said valve by the cylinder to intermittently bring said ports into register at the desired time in the engines cycle.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an oscillatory cylinder having a semi-cylindrical head rovided with a port, a relatively fixed head laying a curved surface similar to that of said head and provided with a port, a semi-cylindrical valve between said heads and of like curvature and having a port, a relatively fixed curved plate between said valve and said cylinder head and of like curvature, and means for intermittently actuating said valve by the cylinder to intermittently bring said ports into register at the desired time in the engines cycle.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a relatively fixed head provided with an ignition chamber, an oscillatory valve provided with a port adapted to register with said chamber, an oscillatory cylinder provided with a port adapted to register with said ports, and a longitudinally movable curved plate interposed between said valve and said cylinder and provided with an inclined port adapted to register with the above mentioned ports at varying times in the engines cycle, whereby to vary the time of ignition of the charge in the cylinder by the gases in said ignition chamber.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an oscillatory engine cylinder, a relatively fixed head provided with an ignition chamber, a valve between said head and cylinder for controlling the communication therebetween, and means for varying the time at which said communication becomes effective to thereby vary the time of ignition of the charge in said cylinder.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an oscillatory cylinder having a semi-cylindrical head provided with a port, an outer head having a curved surface similar to that of said head and provided with a port, a semi-cylindrical valve between said heads and of like curvature and having a port, a relatively fixed plate between said valve and said cylinder head and of like curvature, means for intermittently oscillating said valve, and means exerting a yielding pressure upon said outer head and through it upon said valve and plate to maintain said parts in close relationship.

In testimony whereof, we ailix our signatures.

LEO BERNER. PAUL. LOHR. 

